Who gains from saving nature
Ledger 1 : 33 — For each dollar financing nature-based solutions in 2023, about $33 financed activities harmful to nature. (UNEP)
Actors / Standard-setter · United States

Verra

Appears in 29 cases in this database. Roles as given in the documented record.

CaseRoleCountryPeriodInstrument
Kariba REDD+ project (Zimbabwe)Standard-setter and registryZimbabwe2011–2025Carbon credits
Northern Kenya Grasslands Carbon Project and the Isiolo court rulingStandard-setter and registry (project 1468)Kenya2012–2026Carbon credits
Cordillera Azul National Park carbon projectStandard-setter and registryPeru2008–2026Carbon credits
Rainforest credits investigationStandard-setter and registryGlobal2009–2023Carbon credits
California forest offsets buffer pool and wildfireRegistry; durability pilot allowing insuranceUnited States2020–2025Carbon credits
Alto Mayo REDD+ project (Peru)Standard-setter that certified the projectPeru2012–2024Carbon credits
Volkswagen diesel emissions scandalCarbon-credit registryGermany2015Chemical pollution
Delta Blue Carbon mangrove project (Pakistan)Standard-setter and registry (VCS 2250)Pakistan2015–2025Carbon credits
Southern Cardamom REDD+ project and the arrest of Pork Nget (Cambodia)Standard-setter and registryCambodia2015–2025Carbon credits
Plastic credits and Philippines PCXStandard-setter and registryPhilippines2020–2025Plastic waste and recycling claims
Verra plastic creditsStandard-setter and registry for the Plastic Waste Reduction StandardPhilippines2022–2025Plastic waste and recycling claims
Vida Manglar mangrove projectStandard (Verified Carbon Standard, project 2290)Colombia2021Carbon credits
Verra registry fee structure, auditor ties and the Follow the Money responseRegistry operator and standard-setterUnited States2007–2026Carbon credits
Carbon credit rating agencies and Space Intelligence rebuttal (Sylvera, BeZero)Standard-setter and registryUnited Kingdom2022–2026Carbon credits
California forest carbon projects burned (Verra buffer pool)Registry that runs the buffer poolUnited Statesdate not statedCarbon credits
Verra suspension of Chinese rice project verifiersStandard-setter and registryChina2025Carbon credits
Cambodia REDD+ indigenous consultation failureStandard-setter and registryCambodia2015–2025Carbon credits
Worldview International Foundation mangrove project (Myanmar)RegistryMyanmardate not statedCarbon credits
Pará forest carbon credit schemes face suspension and lawsuitssuspended three Portel schemes in 2023Brazil2023–2026Carbon credits
World Bank $100m plastic waste bond tied to Verra credit salesstandard for the plastic and carbon credits soldMultiple countries2024Plastic waste and recycling claims
C-Quest Capital cookstove credit case: founder charged over inflated credit countsStandards body that approved the method and suspended 27 projectsUnited States2020–2024Carbon credits
Shell's 2022 stake in Brazilian REDD+ developer Carbonextsuspended accounts of three schemes in June 2024 and was sued by federal prosecutors in March 2026Brazil2022Carbon credits
Wildfires have consumed almost 40% of California's forest offset buffer poolRegistry that holds its own AFOLU buffer and reported on cancellationsUnited States2020Carbon credits
Kenyan court rules two carbon conservancies were unconstitutionally establishedStandard body that suspended and reinstated the schemeKenya2012Carbon credits
ICVCM approves three REDD+ methods; older Verra methods left outstandard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom schemeGlobal2023–2024Carbon credits
Brazil REDD+ forest credits: Suruí project suspended; 2024 Amazonas concessions probedcertification body that suspended accountsBrazil2013–2026Carbon credits
Verra suspends three REDD+ schemes in Brazil's Portel over public land overlapStandard setter and registry that suspended the schemesBrazil2023–2025Carbon credits
Toucan moved 21.6 million legacy Verra carbon credits onto blockchainsStandard setter and registry of the creditsGlobal2021–2022Carbon credits
Brazil: Operation GreenwashingRegistry; suspended the projectsBrazil2024–2025Carbon credits
Appears alongside
Shell ×5Carbon Market Watch ×5Nestlé ×4Volkswagen ×3Gucci ×3Netflix ×3California Air Resources Board ×3Microsoft ×3Human Rights Watch ×3Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market (ICVCM) ×3SCS Global Services ×3Aster Global ×3AENOR ×3Carbonext ×3Federal Police (Brazil) ×3South Pole ×2TotalEnergies ×2Delta Air Lines ×2EY ×2Sylvera ×2Calyx Global ×2Northern Rangelands Trust ×2Disney ×2CarbonPlan ×2Green Diamond ×2Conservation International ×2Wildlife Alliance ×2Ministry of Environment (Cambodia) ×2Plastic Credit Exchange (PCX) ×2C-Quest Capital ×2IAVVB ×2Carbon Green InvestmentsLidlMcKinseyGreenchoiceNativeMetaNatWestSurvival InternationalUSAIDIsiolo Environment and Land CourtKenya Wildlife ServiceCIMA Cordillera AzuleasyJetBHPSERNANP (Peru's protected-areas agency)Audi AGBraunschweig public prosecutorMunich II public prosecutorInternational Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT)UK Department for TransportTransparency International USGovernment of SindhSindh Forest DepartmentIndus Delta CapitalPollinationTrafiguraCentury PacificHolcim (Geocycle)Royal CaribbeanBentley MotorsVinventionsWWFBreak Free From PlasticFauna & FloraEunomiaAppleBeZero CarbonSpace IntelligenceQuantum Energy PartnersBain & CompanyGovernment of Singapore (Ministry of National Development)China Classification Society Certification (CCSC)China Quality Certification Center (CQC)CTITÜV NordWorldview International FoundationLEAF CoalitionPará state governmentPará public attorney's officeFederal Public Prosecutor's Office (MPF)CAAP InternationalWorld BankCitiPlastic CollectiveMinistério Público FederalMeta PlatformsNaturaFIFAFuture CarbonAmazonas state governmentPará public defender's officePortel municipalityAir FranceBayerEcopetrolPhilip MorrisMastercardBlackRockToucan protocolSigma LithiumBoeingToshibaSpotifyPwCGOL
Terms used on this page

Carbon and conservation finance

Buffer pool
A reserve of credits held back from sale by a carbon programme to cover future losses, such as forest burned or logged after credits were issued. It works as the programme's own insurance.
Carbon credit
A certificate representing one tonne of carbon dioxide (or equivalent) that a project says it reduced, avoided or removed. Buyers use credits to balance their own emissions in climate claims.
REDD+
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation. A UN framework under which forest projects earn carbon credits for deforestation they say they prevented, measured against a projected baseline.
Standard-setter and registry
An organisation that writes the rules for carbon credits, approves projects, and records when credits are issued and retired. Such bodies typically charge fees per credit.