ICVCM approves three REDD+ methods; older Verra methods left out
Short record: the main facts, with sources. A full case file has not been prepared.
- The record does not name which of my species, waters, soils or forests were harmed.
The Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market approved three REDD+ methodologies in November 2024, but the older REDD+ methodologies, which make up most REDD+ credits, cannot carry its label. A Cambodian REDD+ scheme was suspended by Verra and re-approved after review by its earlier validators.
- Sellers of legacy REDD+ credits — continued to sell credits from older methodologies without the label ICVCM
What happened
On 15 November 2024 the Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market approved three REDD+ methodologies (ICVCM, 15 November 2024).
Verra did not submit its older REDD+ methodologies for assessment, so their credits cannot carry the Core Carbon Principles label, though they remain on sale (ICVCM, 15 November 2024).
Human Rights Watch reported in May 2024 that the Southern Cardamom REDD+ scheme in Cambodia had received more than 27 million credits (Human Rights Watch, 16 May 2024).
Verra suspended the scheme in June 2023 and re-approved it in September 2024 after a review by three validators that had approved it earlier, and Carbon Market Watch complained to the ICVCM about the review (REDD-Monitor).
In court and with insurers
Lawsuits and rulings
Insurers
What we don't know
Nature
- Not measured Harm to nature: The record holds no measurement of harm to nature.
Record
- None on record Not stated: whether Verra has submitted its older REDD+ methodologies for assessment since 2024.
- None on record Not found: the outcome of Carbon Market Watch's complaint to the ICVCM.
Did the harm stop?
Not stated in the sources reviewed.
Who paid?
Not stated in the sources reviewed.
Sources
Press and investigations
- Carbon Market Watch files a complaintREDD-Monitor ·
Communities and civil society
- Integrity Council approves three REDD methodologiesICVCM · 2024-11-15
- Systems failure: the voluntary carbon marketHuman Rights Watch · 2024-05-16
Connected cases
- Southern Cardamom REDD+ project and the arrest of Pork Nget (Cambodia) Cambodia · 2015–2025
- Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market (ICVCM) (Standard-setter) — here: council that approved three REDD+ methodologies; there: Recipient of the complaint
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Carbon Market Watch (NGO) — here: complainant to the ICVCM over the Southern Cardamom review; there: Filed complaint with ICVCM
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Author of the 2024 report
- Cambodia REDD+ indigenous consultation failure Cambodia · 2015–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Carbon Market Watch (NGO) — here: complainant to the ICVCM over the Southern Cardamom review; there: Filed complaint with ICVCM about the re-review
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Author of the 2024 report
- Verra registry fee structure, auditor ties and the Follow the Money response United States · 2007–2026
- Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market (ICVCM) (Standard-setter) — here: council that approved three REDD+ methodologies; there: Quality council for the voluntary carbon market
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Registry operator and standard-setter
- Carbon Market Watch (NGO) — here: complainant to the ICVCM over the Southern Cardamom review; there: Complainant to the ICVCM about the Southern Cardamom review
- Carbon credit rating agencies and Space Intelligence rebuttal (Sylvera, BeZero) United Kingdom · 2022–2026
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Carbon Market Watch (NGO) — here: complainant to the ICVCM over the Southern Cardamom review; there: NGO analysing the raters
- Alto Mayo REDD+ project (Peru) Peru · 2012–2024
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter that certified the project
- Boké bauxite mining and the CBG expansion Guinea · 1974–2025
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Researcher and reporter
- Brazil REDD+ forest credits: Suruí project suspended; 2024 Amazonas concessions probed Brazil · 2013–2026
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: certification body that suspended accounts
- Brazil: Operation Greenwashing Brazil · 2024–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Registry; suspended the projects
- C-Quest Capital cookstove credit case: founder charged over inflated credit counts United States · 2020–2024
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standards body that approved the method and suspended 27 projects
- California forest carbon projects burned (Verra buffer pool) United States · date not stated
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Registry that runs the buffer pool
- California forest offsets buffer pool and wildfire United States · 2020–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Registry; durability pilot allowing insurance
- Chepang man dies in army custody after Chitwan park detention; homes reportedly burned Nepal · 2020
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Reported the case
- Cordillera Azul National Park carbon project Peru · 2008–2026
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Delta Blue Carbon mangrove project (Pakistan) Pakistan · 2015–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry (VCS 2250)
- Kariba REDD+ project (Zimbabwe) Zimbabwe · 2011–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Kenyan court rules two carbon conservancies were unconstitutionally established Kenya · 2012
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard body that suspended and reinstated the scheme
- Marange diamonds and the Kimberley Process (Zimbabwe) Zimbabwe · 2008–2025
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: NGO that reported the killings
- Ngorongoro and Loliondo relocations Tanzania · 1992–2026
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: NGO; reported services cut
- Northern Kenya Grasslands Carbon Project and the Isiolo court ruling Kenya · 2012–2026
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry (project 1468)
- Pará forest carbon credit schemes face suspension and lawsuits Brazil · 2023–2026
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: suspended three Portel schemes in 2023
- Plastic credits and Philippines PCX Philippines · 2020–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Plastic waste imports into Türkiye (Adana) Türkiye · 2016–2026
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Reported health impacts on recycling workers and residents (2022)
- Rainforest credits investigation Global · 2009–2023
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Shell's 2022 stake in Brazilian REDD+ developer Carbonext Brazil · 2022
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: suspended accounts of three schemes in June 2024 and was sued by federal prosecutors in March 2026
- Toucan moved 21.6 million legacy Verra carbon credits onto blockchains Global · 2021–2022
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard setter and registry of the credits
- UK packaging recycling notes (PRN) system and export fraud United Kingdom · 2009–2025
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: NGO; interviewed workers in Turkey
- Uzbek cotton boycott ends forced labour Uzbekistan · 2017–2026
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Human rights investigator
- Uzbek cotton clusters took farmers' land and set quotas, rights group reports Uzbekistan · 2017–2026
- Human Rights Watch (NGO) — here: published the 2024 report on the voluntary carbon market; there: Published the 2026 report
- Verra plastic credits Philippines · 2022–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry for the Plastic Waste Reduction Standard
- Verra suspends three REDD+ schemes in Brazil's Portel over public land overlap Brazil · 2023–2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard setter and registry that suspended the schemes
- Verra suspension of Chinese rice project verifiers China · 2025
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard-setter and registry
- Vida Manglar mangrove project Colombia · 2021
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Standard (Verified Carbon Standard, project 2290)
- Volkswagen diesel emissions scandal Germany · 2015
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Carbon-credit registry
- Wildfires have consumed almost 40% of California's forest offset buffer pool United States · 2020
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Registry that holds its own AFOLU buffer and reported on cancellations
- World Bank $100m plastic waste bond tied to Verra credit sales Multiple countries · 2024
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: standard for the plastic and carbon credits sold
- Worldview International Foundation mangrove project (Myanmar) Myanmar · date not stated
- Verra (Standard-setter) — here: standard body; holder of the older REDD+ methodologies and the Southern Cardamom scheme; there: Registry