Cases / Pesticides and agrochemicals · United States · 1967–2026
Monsanto/Bayer PCB and Roundup insurance suit v AIG
Nature's voice · report
No measurement of the harm done to me here is on record.
Did nature suffer? Not measured.
In December 2025 Bayer sued the insurer AIG in St. Louis County, Missouri, over cover for more than $1.9 billion of PCB settlements and more than $10 billion of Roundup settlements. AIG's grounds for refusing are not public and the case was pending.
>$1.9bn PCB + >$10bn RoundupSettlements for which Bayer/Monsanto sought cover from AIG
Settlement totals to end-2024 as reported by the News Tribune from the filing. AIG's grounds for refusing cover are not public.
Settlement totals to end-2024 as reported by the News Tribune from the filing. AIG's grounds for refusing cover are not public.
Status As of October 2026: Bayer's December 2025 suit against AIG in St. Louis County was pending; AIG's grounds were not public and no ruling was found.
What?
Bayer, which merged with Monsanto, sued the insurer AIG in December 2025 for cover of PCB and Roundup settlements that AIG had declined to pay. News Tribune
Where?
St. Louis County, Missouri (the insurance suit); the underlying PCB and Roundup litigation is in the United States. News Tribune
When?
Policies June 1967 to April 1986; settlements to end-2024; payment demands July and October 2024; suit early December 2025. News Tribune
Who?
Gained
- Bayer / Monsanto — The Roundup herbicide segment sold €1.155bn in the third quarter of 2025 alone; the product has been on sale since 1974.
- Bayer / Monsanto — The US Supreme Court ruled 7–2 for Monsanto in Monsanto v. Durnell on 25 June 2026. Faegre Drinker (law firm)
Lost
- Bayer shareholders — Dividend at the legal minimum of €0.11 since 2024; €3.62bn net loss in 2025.
Why?
Bayer sought insurance help with legal bills; AIG's reasons for refusing are not public. News Tribune
How?
Excess policies from 1967–1986 are being invoked in a civil suit after payment demands in 2024. News Tribune
6 of 6 questions answered from the record
What happened
The record, in order.
In early December 2025 Bayer, which merged with Monsanto, filed suit against the insurer AIG in St. Louis County, Missouri. The News Tribune reported the suit under the headline that Bayer sues AIG insurance to help with legal bills. The policies at issue are excess policies that ran from June 1967 to April 1986.
As reported, Bayer's exposure was more than $1.9 billion in PCB settlements by the end of 2024 and more than $10 billion in Roundup settlements. Payment demands were sent to the insurers in July 2024 (Roundup) and October 2024 (PCBs). AIG declined to cover the settlements. The insurer's grounds are not public, and the research found no insurer defence on file.
Bayer's own announcements frame the settlements. On 24 June 2020 it announced agreements to resolve major legacy Monsanto litigation: up to $10.9 billion for Roundup cancer claims, about $820 million for PCB water claims and up to $400 million for dicamba drift claims, with no admission of liability. On 17 February 2026 it announced a proposed Roundup class settlement of up to $7.25 billion, paid over up to 21 years.
On 25 June 2026 the US Supreme Court ruled 7–2 for Monsanto in Monsanto v. Durnell. A law-firm summary describes the ruling as preventing state-court failure-to-warn suits under the federal pesticide law; Bayer's press release was headed 'Monsanto wins landmark Roundup case at US Supreme Court'.
- 1967Start of the excess policies at issue (June 1967); they ran to April 1986
- 1969According to EcoWatch, Monsanto's PCB committee writes that there are too many customers and too much Monsanto profit to withdraw
- 2003Anniston PCB settlement: $550 million cash payment, to which Monsanto's insurers contributed
- 202024 June: Bayer announces up to $10.9bn for Roundup claims, about $820m for PCB water claims and up to $400m for dicamba drift; no admission of liability
- 2024Payment demands to insurers: July (Roundup) and October (PCBs)
- 2025Early December: Bayer sues AIG in St. Louis County, Missouri
- 202617 Feb: Bayer announces proposed Roundup class settlement of up to $7.25bn over up to 21 years; 25 June: US Supreme Court rules 7–2 for Monsanto in Monsanto v. Durnell
What was said
Claims, in the words of those who made them.
Where accounts differ
Each party's account, side by side, with its source. The record does not settle these points; it shows them.
Is AIG obliged to cover the PCB and Roundup settlements?
Company or project
Bayer / Monsanto
Sent payment demands in July 2024 (Roundup) and October 2024 (PCBs) and sued in December 2025 under excess policies running from 1967 to 1986.
News TribuneCan Roundup users bring state-law failure-to-warn claims?
Courts
US Supreme Court
Ruled 7–2 on 25 June 2026 for Monsanto in Monsanto v. Durnell; a law-firm summary says the ruling prevents failure-to-warn suits.
Faegre Drinker (law firm)Company or project
Bayer / Monsanto
Called the outcome a landmark win in its press release headline.
BayerGovernment and regulators
US EPA
the sources reviewed say EPA told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning, and that Bayer used the letter before the Supreme Court.
International bodies
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Classified glyphosate as 'probably carcinogenic' in 2015; the classification stands.
How it looked
What was shown, beside what was recorded.
Shown
- Agreements to resolve major legacy Monsanto litigation, with no admission of liabilityBayer, announcement of 24 June 2020 · Bayer
- 'Monsanto wins landmark Roundup case at US Supreme Court'Bayer, press release headline · Bayer
- Mission 'Health for all, Hunger for none' and a goal of reaching 100 million smallholder farmers by 2030Bayer, sustainability commitments page · Bayer
Recorded
- The suit covers excess policies running from June 1967 to April 1986. Exposure: more than $1.9bn in PCB settlements by end-2024 and more than $10bn in Roundup settlements. Payment demands went out in July 2024 (Roundup) and October 2024 (PCBs); AIG declined; the grounds are not public.
- Bayer's 24 June 2020 announcement: up to $10.9bn for Roundup cancer claims, about $820m for PCB water claims and up to $400m for dicamba drift, with no admission of liability.
- Proposed 2026 Roundup class settlement: up to $7.25bn over 21 years; about 65,000 claimants in Roundup cases; litigation provisions rose to €11.8bn (the sources reviewed citing Bayer's 2026 release).
- US Supreme Court, 25 June 2026, Monsanto v. Durnell: 7–2 for Monsanto; described as preventing state-court failure-to-warn suits.
- Monsanto's insurers contributed to the $550m cash payment in the 2003 Anniston settlement.
- EcoWatch reports settlements of $550–650m with cities through 2020 and a 1969 Monsanto PCB committee statement that there were too many customers and too much Monsanto profit to withdraw.
- Roundup herbicide segment sales were €1.155bn in the third quarter of 2025 alone; the product has been on sale since 1974.
- Bayer's dividend has been the legal minimum of €0.11 since 2024; the company reported a net loss of €3.62bn in 2025.
- The International Agency for Research on Cancer's 2015 classification of glyphosate as 'probably carcinogenic' stands.
- A Johnson award was reduced from $289.2m to $78.5m and then to $20.5m (the sources reviewed list it among glyphosate verdicts).
- Jeffrey Ubben, a director of WWF-US, was also a director of ExxonMobil (2021–2026) and of Bayer AG (since April 2024).
- Bayer AG is listed among the 17 corporate members of the TNFD Taskforce.
Who gained
Money that reached nature, beside money that stayed elsewhere.
Reached nature or the ground
Not published
No figure published.
Gained elsewhere
Not totalled
Currency: USD · Window: 2020–2026. All figures cover the same period. * Estimate built from cited figures.
Responses on record
- bayer (December 2025): Sued AIG in St. Louis County, Missouri, for cover of PCB and Roundup settlements after payment demands in July and October 2024. · News Tribune
- aig (2024–2025): Declined to cover the PCB and Roundup settlements; its grounds are not public and no defence filing was found. · News Tribune
- bayer (24 June 2020): Announced agreements to resolve major legacy Monsanto litigation and stated there was no admission of liability. · Bayer
- bayer (17 February 2026): Announced a proposed Roundup class settlement of up to $7.25 billion. · Bayer
- bayer (25 June 2026): Issued a press release headed 'Monsanto wins landmark Roundup case at US Supreme Court'. · Bayer
In court and with insurers
Every proceeding and every insurer decision on record.
Lawsuits and rulings
- 2025-12–OngoingBayer / Monsanto v. AIG (excess policies, PCB and Roundup settlements)Court in St. Louis County, Missouri · Civil · Bayer / Monsanto → AIG
Bayer seeks cover under excess policies running June 1967 to April 1986 for more than $1.9bn of PCB settlements (to end-2024) and more than $10bn of Roundup settlements. Payment demands were sent in July and October 2024. The insurer's grounds are not public. News Tribune
- 2026-06-25Defendant wonMonsanto v. DurnellUS Supreme Court · Civil · Durnell (plaintiff in the underlying Roundup case) → Monsanto
The Court ruled 7–2 for Monsanto; a law-firm summary says state-court failure-to-warn suits are prevented under the federal pesticide law. Bayer
- 2026-02-17–Ongoing$7.25bn USD million, up to, over up to 21 yearsRoundup class settlement (proposed)not on record · Class action · Roundup claimants (class) → Monsanto / Bayer
Bayer announced a proposed class settlement of up to $7.25bn paid over up to 21 years; about 65,000 claimants in Roundup cases; litigation provisions rose to €11.8bn. Bayer
- 2020Settled$650m USD million, up to; reported range $550–650 million, through 2020PCB claims by cities against MonsantoCourt not on record · Civil · Cities (EcoWatch headline refers to California cities) → Monsanto
EcoWatch reports settlements with cities of $550–650 million through 2020. EcoWatch
- 2003Settled$550m USD million, cash paymentAnniston PCB settlementCourt not on record · Civil · not on record → Monsanto
Settlement of 2003 including a $550m cash payment to which Monsanto's insurers contributed.
Insurers
- 2025In litigationAIG → Monsanto / BayerStated reason: Grounds not public
AIG declined to cover PCB settlements (more than $1.9bn by end-2024) and Roundup settlements (more than $10bn) after payment demands in July and October 2024. Bayer sued in St. Louis County, Missouri, in early December 2025 under excess policies from June 1967 to April 1986. The case was pending. News Tribune
- 2003Partly paidMonsanto's insurers (not named in the sources reviewed) → Monsanto
Monsanto's insurers contributed to the $550m cash payment in the 2003 Anniston settlement.
What nature saw
Outcomes measured on the ground, and nature's note.
Nature's report opens this page. Below: further outcomes measured on the ground.
AIG's stated grounds
Not public
AIG declined the 2024 payment demands; the filing was reported in December 2025.
Settlements in dispute
>$1.9bn / >$10bn
PCB and Roundup settlements to end-2024, as reported
Roundup litigation at the Supreme Court
7–2 for Monsanto
Monsanto v. Durnell, 25 June 2026
What we don't know
Undisclosed, unproven, untried: recorded as data.
Nature
- Not measured Harm to nature: The record holds no measurement of harm to nature.
Accounts
Record
- None on record AIG's grounds for refusing to cover the PCB and Roundup settlements are not public; no insurer defence was found in the sources reviewed.
- Insufficient Reported but not independently verified: reports of News Tribune and DTN reports say the complaint calls the insurers' grounds 'meritless excuses and purported defenses'.
- Insufficient Reported but not independently verified: King County (Washington) juries in the Sky Valley school cases awarded punitive damages against Pharmacia/Monsanto (for example $75 million in one case); the 2002 Anniston jury findings were not re-verified.
- Insufficient Reported but not independently verified: a National Union v. Everest reinsurance dispute over a 2004 Monsanto environmental settlement was still unresolved in 2015.
- None on record An earlier survey of the sources reviewed found no record of insurance contributions to the Roundup and dicamba settlements, which were private settlements; none of the coverage sources documented revenue or profit from the activity.
Did the harm stop?
the sources reviewed give that Roundup stayed on sale after the settlements: the herbicide segment sold €1.155bn in the third quarter of 2025 alone, and the product has been on sale since 1974.
Who paid?
Bayer paid the settlements from company funds and sought cover from AIG in December 2025. the sources reviewed record the dividend at the legal minimum since 2024 and a €3.62bn net loss in 2025.
Sources
Voices on record: ✓ Company or project✓ Government and regulators— Courts✓ Press and investigations— Communities and civil society— Researchers✓ Standard-setters and registries
Company or project
- Bayer announces agreements to resolve major legacy Monsanto litigationBayer · 2020-06-24
- Monsanto wins landmark Roundup case at US Supreme CourtBayer · 2026-06-25
Government and regulators
- ExxonMobil 2026 proxy statement (director biographies)US Securities and Exchange Commission filing · 2026
Press and investigations
- Bayer sues AIG insurance to help with legal billsNews Tribune · 2025-12-06
- Supreme Court decides Monsanto v. DurnellFaegre Drinker (law firm) · 2026-06
Standard-setters and registries
Connected cases
Related matters, and cases linked to this one through the same organisations, with the role each played in both.
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- Monsanto (Company) — here: Original insured; PCB and Roundup defendant; there: Roundup maker; defendant
- AIG (Insurer) — here: Insurer that declined cover; defendant; there: Insurer that refused cover
- US Supreme Court (Court) — here: Decided Monsanto v. Durnell, 7–2; there: Decided Monsanto v. Durnell
- US Environmental Protection Agency (Public authority) — here: Regulator; the sources reviewed say it told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning; there: Approved the Roundup label; said it would not accept a cancer warning
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- Bayer (Company) — here: Claimant in the suit against AIG; owner of Monsanto; there: Owner of Monsanto; party to the 2020 settlements; plaintiff against AIG
- Monsanto (Company) — here: Original insured; PCB and Roundup defendant; there: Defendant in the Anniston and later PCB settlements
- AIG (Insurer) — here: Insurer that declined cover; defendant; there: Excess insurer; defendant in Bayer's suit over cover for PCB and Roundup settlements
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- Bayer (Company) — here: Claimant in the suit against AIG; owner of Monsanto; there: Owner of Monsanto; set aside up to USD 400 million for drift damage
- Monsanto (Company) — here: Original insured; PCB and Roundup defendant; there: Seller of dicamba and Xtend seed; defendant in the Bader case
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- US Supreme Court blocks state cancer-warning suits against pesticide makers United States · 2026
- Monsanto (Company) — here: Original insured; PCB and Roundup defendant; there: Petitioner; defendant in the state suits
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- Bayer buys Monsanto for $66bn; four firms hold most seed and pesticide sales Global · 2018
- Court reverses $60 million punitive award in dicamba case United States · 2015–2026
- Bayer (Company) — here: Claimant in the suit against AIG; owner of Monsanto; there: Party in the dicamba litigation
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- Greens report: parts of German glyphosate assessment copied Monsanto file Germany · 2015–2025
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- Monsanto (Company) — here: Original insured; PCB and Roundup defendant; there: company charged with bribery
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- Bayer (Company) — here: Claimant in the suit against AIG; owner of Monsanto; there: bought AgraQuest; carbon programme operator
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- US Environmental Protection Agency (Public authority) — here: Regulator; the sources reviewed say it told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning; there: Issued and reaffirmed the veto
- US bans DDT in 1972; bald eagle breeding pairs rebound United States · 1972–2019
- US Environmental Protection Agency (Public authority) — here: Regulator; the sources reviewed say it told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning; there: issued the 1972 DDT ban
- US coal ash ponds, groundwater contamination and EPA delay United States · 2015–2026
- US Environmental Protection Agency (Public authority) — here: Regulator; the sources reviewed say it told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning; there: Regulator
- US power-plant sulfur emissions fell over 95%, EPA says United States · 1990–2022
- US Environmental Protection Agency (Public authority) — here: Regulator; the sources reviewed say it told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning; there: published the programme results
- US Superfund tax and funding shortfall United States · 1980–2025
- US Environmental Protection Agency (Public authority) — here: Regulator; the sources reviewed say it told Bayer it would not accept a cancer warning; there: Administers Superfund; reports responsible-party commitments
- US Supreme Court ruled that replanting patented seed infringes the patent United States · 1996–2013
- Monsanto (Company) — here: Original insured; PCB and Roundup defendant; there: Plaintiff in Bowman; won
- Verra suspends three REDD+ schemes in Brazil's Portel over public land overlap Brazil · 2023–2025
- Bayer (Company) — here: Claimant in the suit against AIG; owner of Monsanto; there: Buyer of credits from the Portel schemes