MSC certification of Australian orange roughy trawl fishery
- The record does not name which of my species, waters, soils or forests were harmed.
- Communities and civil society AMCS and WWF-Australia: 26 of 36 seamounts said to be coral-protected are too deep for coral; objection upheld in January 2021. Australian Marine Conservation Society
- Standard-setters and registries Independent adjudicator, 2025: Rejected AMCS's new objection; the fishery was cleared for certification. Marine Stewardship Council
- Company or project Fishery operator: No account in the sources reviewed.
An Australian deep-sea trawl fishery for orange roughy was certified by the Marine Stewardship Council in February 2025, after an independent adjudicator had upheld an objection against an earlier assessment in January 2021. MSC narrowed its objections process the same month.
As counted by the Australian Marine Conservation Society (AMCS).
Status As of February 2025: the fishery is certified to February 2030 and MSC's narrowed objections process is in a 12-month pilot.
- The certified fishery — Certificate valid to February 2030. Marine Stewardship Council
- MSC — 93.2% of 2025-26 income comes from logo licences. Marine Stewardship Council
- AMCS and WWF-Australia — Bore the costs of the objections; the 2025 objection was rejected.
What happened
Orange roughy lives for more than 150 years, is caught with deep-sea trawls and is listed as 'conservation dependent' under Australian law. In January 2021 an independent adjudicator upheld an objection brought by the Australian Marine Conservation Society (AMCS) and WWF-Australia against the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) assessment of the Australian orange roughy trawl fishery. AMCS wrote that 26 of the 36 seamounts said to be protected for coral were too deep for coral. The objection was backed by 10,000 supporters, and the adjudicator found that the Australian 'conservation dependent' status was a binding rule in conflict with the MSC standard.
The fishery applied again with the same assessor, MRAG Americas. In February 2025 it was certified after a new AMCS objection was rejected; the certificate runs until February 2030. MSC announced that the independent adjudicator had cleared the fishery for certification.
In the same month, on 27 February 2025, MSC revised its objections process for a 12-month pilot. Objections may now concern procedure only, the accreditation body Assurance Services International (ASI) reviews them first, and referral to an adjudicator is reserved for 'exceptional' cases. Civil-society organisations paid the costs of the objections.
Fisheries pay the assessor for certification; MSC estimated in 2013 that a typical assessment cost between 15,000 and 120,000 dollars. MSC's own income comes mainly from logo licensing (93.2% of its 2025-26 income). A 2013 study found that 1 of 19 formal objections had been accepted; AMCS counted 2 of 46 before the 2021 ruling and IPNLF counted 2 of 25 in 2018. BLOOM calculated that 83% of MSC-certified catch in 2009-2017 came from high-impact methods such as bottom trawling and dredging.
- 2021Independent adjudicator upholds AMCS and WWF-Australia objection (7 Jan); AMCS says 26 of 36 seamounts are too deep for coral
- 2025Fishery certified after a new AMCS objection is rejected (Feb); certificate valid to February 2030; MSC narrows objections process to procedure-only (27 Feb)
What was said
Where accounts differ
Each party's account, side by side, with its source. The record does not settle these points; it shows them.
26 of 36 seamounts said to be coral-protected are too deep for coral; objection upheld in January 2021.
Australian Marine Conservation SocietyRejected AMCS's new objection; the fishery was cleared for certification.
Marine Stewardship CouncilNo account in the sources reviewed.
1 of 19 formal objections accepted; fisheries pay the assessor; typical assessment cost 15,000-120,000 dollars.
AMCS counted 2 of 46 objections accepted; IPNLF counted 2 of 25 and withdrew from the Echebastar tuna objection.
Revised the process on 27 February 2025: procedure-only objections, ASI review first, adjudicator in exceptional circumstances.
Marine Stewardship CouncilHow it looked
Shown
- Independent assessment and a right of objection before an 'independent adjudicator'MSC programme, as described in the record
- Fishery cleared for MSC certification by an independent adjudicatorMSC announcement, February 2025 · Marine Stewardship Council
Recorded
- Orange roughy lives for more than 150 years, is caught with deep-sea trawls and is listed as 'conservation dependent' under Australian law
- Objection by AMCS and WWF-Australia upheld on 7 January 2021; AMCS: 26 of 36 seamounts said to be coral-protected are too deep for coral
- The fishery re-applied with the same assessor, MRAG Americas, and was certified in February 2025 after AMCS's new objection was rejected
- MSC objections process revised on 27 February 2025: procedure-only objections, ASI review first, adjudicator in exceptional cases, 12-month pilot
- Fisheries pay the assessor; MSC estimated typical cost at 15,000-120,000 dollars (2013)
- 93.2% of MSC's 2025-26 income comes from logo licences
Who gained
Reached nature or the ground
Gained elsewhere
Responses on record
- msc (February 2025): Announced the fishery cleared for MSC certification by an independent adjudicator. · Marine Stewardship Council
- msc (27 February 2025): Revised its objections process: procedure-only objections, ASI review first, adjudicator in exceptional circumstances; 12-month pilot. · Marine Stewardship Council
In court and with insurers
Lawsuits and rulings
Insurers
What nature saw
Nature's report opens this page. Below: further outcomes measured on the ground.
What we don't know
Nature
- Not measured Harm to nature: The record holds no measurement of harm to nature.
- Disputed Do the seamount closures protect deep-sea coral from the trawl fishery, and does the fishery meet the MSC standard?
Accounts
- Disputed Is the MSC objections process independent and accessible?
- None on record Fishery operator: No account in the sources reviewed.
Record
- None on record No source reviewed states the fishery operator's own account of the objections.
- None on record The MSC objection fee paid in 2013 was capped at 7,500 dollars and later cut from a maximum of 15,000 to 5,000; the date and currency of the cut are not on record.
Did the harm stop?
Not established: the fishery was certified in February 2025 and the certificate runs to February 2030.
Who paid?
Civil-society organisations paid the costs of the objections; the record states no other cost-bearer.
Sources
Communities and civil society
- Orange roughy ruling: victory for sustainable fisheries and for ocean-loving AustraliansAustralian Marine Conservation Society · 2021-01-07
Standard-setters and registries
- Australia's orange roughy fishery cleared for MSC certification by independent adjudicatorMarine Stewardship Council · 2025-03-21
- Revisions to the MSC objections processMarine Stewardship Council · 2025-02-27
- Our funding and financesMarine Stewardship Council · 2025-26
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