Who gains from saving nature
Ledger 1 : 33 — For each dollar financing nature-based solutions in 2023, about $33 financed activities harmful to nature. (UNEP)
Actors / Bank · United States

JPMorgan Chase

Appears in 2 cases in this database. Roles as given in the documented record.

CaseRoleCountryPeriodInstrument
El Salvador debt-for-nature swapSole arranger and lender of the US$1 billion loanEl Salvador2024–2025Debt-for-nature swap
Net Zero Banking Alliance exits and closureLeft NZBA; largest fossil fuel financier in 2025 (Banking on Climate Chaos)International2023–2026Lobbying, PR and greenwashing
Appears alongside
US International Development Finance CorporationCAF (development bank of Latin America and the Caribbean)Inter-American Development BankThe Nature ConservancyNet-Zero Banking AllianceBank of AmericaCitiHSBCBarclaysUBSMUFGMunich ReUN Environment Programme
Terms used on this page

Bonds and banking

Arranger
The bank that structures and sells a bond or loan deal, usually for a fee.

Carbon and conservation finance

Debt-for-nature swap
A deal in which a government's debt is bought back or refinanced at a discount, and part of the savings is committed to conservation.